🌸Understanding Cervical Cancer: What Every Woman Should Know

Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women, but the good news is that it can often be prevented and treated early if you know the signs and go for regular check-ups. Let’s break it down in simple words.

👩‍⚕️ What is Cervical Cancer?

The cervix is the lower part of a woman’s womb (uterus), sometimes called the “mouth of the womb.” Cervical cancer happens when abnormal cells grow there and turn into cancer over time.

The main cause is a virus called HPV (Human Papillomavirus). It spreads mostly through sexual contact. Not everyone who has HPV will get cancer, but regular testing helps doctors find problems before they become serious.

🚨 What are the Symptoms?

In the early stages, cervical cancer may not show any signs at all. That’s why testing is so important.

When symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Bleeding between periods or after sex

• Bleeding after menopause

• Unusual discharge from the vagina (watery, smelly, or bloody)

• Pain in the lower belly or during sex

👉 If you notice these symptoms, it does not always mean cancer, but it’s important to see a clinic or doctor quickly.

🔍 How is Cervical Cancer Diagnosed?

Doctors can check the cervix in a few ways:

1. Pap smear test (Pap test): A small brush is used to gently take cells from the cervix to check if they look normal.

2. HPV test: This checks for the virus that can cause cervical cancer.

If the tests show anything unusual, the doctor may do further checks like a biopsy (taking a tiny piece of tissue).

🛡️ Screening: How Often Should You Test?

• Women aged 25–65 years should go for regular cervical cancer screening.

• In South Africa (and many other countries), it is recommended to test at least every 3 years.

• If you are HIV-positive, you need screening more often, usually once a year.

🌟 Can Cervical Cancer Be Prevented?

Yes! Here’s how:

• HPV vaccine – Girls (and boys) can get the vaccine before they become sexually active. It protects against the virus that causes most cervical cancers.

• Regular testing – Even if you feel healthy, go for your Pap smear.

• Safe sex practices – Using condoms and limiting partners lowers the risk of HPV.

• Healthy lifestyle – Not smoking, eating well, and staying strong helps your body fight infections.

💡 Key Takeaway

Cervical cancer is not a death sentence if found early. Many women live healthy lives after treatment. The most powerful step you can take is regular screening and paying attention to your body.

If you are a woman between 25 and 65, visit your nearest clinic and ask for a Pap smear. It could save your life.